The Crucible Tone Paper

The Crucible Tone Paper In Arthur Miller’s book/play The Crucible, the tone he adopts towards the subject of witch trials and witch hunts, and towards the characters that maintain them, is carefully written. His ironic and cynical tones throughout the play poke fun at the religious officials doing what they thought was right, executing people they thought were witches. They also further the outlook on the lack of justice in a harsh, Puritan society. Miller continually uses irony in situations that led up to final accusations of witchcraft.In the events leading up to Elizabeth’s conviction, she receives a poppet from Mary Warren with a needle in its stomach. When he found this, Cheever exclaims â€Å"I never warranted to see such proof of Hell†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This is ironic in the way that he was involved in the trials of convicting witches, and witches are proof of the Devil, and therefore, proof of Hell. Another example of irony is in Act II when John Proctor hands Danf orth a testament that people had signed declaring Rebecca Nurse, Martha Corey, and Elizabeth, good women.Proctor said â€Å"†¦sir—they’ve known the women many years and never saw no sign they had dealings with the devil. † This testament was supposed to help the women get out of jail. It ultimately failed. A great example of irony is when Elizabeth Proctor lies about the affair that she knows that Abigail and John Proctor have. Judge Danforth asks her â€Å"Is your husband a lecher? † Elizabeth answers â€Å"No, sir. † This shows that Elizabeth did not want to confess about the affair. She was confused of what to say at times because she kept turning to John for what to say.I believe that this example is ironic mainly because it was said earlier in the book that Elizabeth had never told a lie, until now when she does lie about her John’s affair with Abigail. What is also ironic is the reason that this event happened. The judges needed s omebody to tell them something about Proctor that they did not know while Proctor was on trial. When Danforth tells Parris to go get Elizabeth, he asks John if she is of trust. John tells Danforth that Elizabeth had never told a lie, that she couldn’t tell a lie.I think that this is ironic because he said that Elizabeth could not tell a lie, and to his surprise, she did tell a lie, for him. The portrayals of Puritanism in The Crucible suggest attributes of stubbornness and their beliefs. An example of this is that the society of Salem likes to choose false religious values over logical assumptions. This is ironic because rather than listen to logic in their minds, they listen to the religious propaganda being shoved down their throats by Reverend Hale and Reverend Parris.These men are considered to be holy, and because they were holy, they were basically immune from being accused of witchcraft, as opposed to everyone else in Salem. For example, Reverend Hale states that †Å"The man’s ordained; therefore the light of God is in him. † Hale is referring to Reverend Parris, who in his eyes, was allowed to be overlooked as a victim of witchcraft because of his position in the religious society. He is said to be holy, but he is really lacking in his religious responsibilities by refusing to comfort the town when there was a commotion about the witchcraft.This is ironic because if everyone else can be accused of witchcraft, then they should be too. Everyone means everyone. Everyone doesn’t mean everyone minus a few select people. If we wanted to discuss Miller’s attitude towards the Salem Witch Trials, we could look to his words and see where his words express the ironic tone. His ironic tone throughout the book is constant. This irony proves to be what made it such a great book. Without the ironic under- and over-tones, you could hardly infer what he was really trying to say.

Anatomy and Physiology Essay

The primary goal of this lab is to learn the names of many blood vessels. You will use the models provided as well as pictures in your lab book. Microscopic Structure of Blood Vessels Tunica intima: lines the lumen of the blood vessel. Continuous with endocardium of heart. Is extremely smooth to decrease resistance to blood flow. (Made of epithelium) Tunica media: More bulky middle coat. Composed of smooth muscle and elastin. Regulation in the diameter of blood vessels, which alters peripheral resistance and blood pressure. Tunica externa (adventitia): Outermost tunic. Function is primarily supportive and protective (areolar and fibrous CT) Picture Generalized Structure of Arteries, Veins and Capillaries Types of Blood Vessels Elastic arteries: Contain much elastic tissue Larger arteries closer to the heart Must expand when heart pumps much blood into them and then passively recoil after blood passes by. Thus, must withstand pressure fluctuations Muscular arteries: Have less elastic tissue, but substantial muscle tissue Smaller arteries farther from heart Exposed to less extreme pressure fluctuations Veins: Far from heart Not subjected to pressure fluctuations Are low pressure vessels thus are thin walled Blood flows against gravity so 1. Have larger lumens 2. Have valves to prevent backflow 3. Skeletal muscle pump Capillaries: Tiniest vessels One cell layer thick: endothelium with underlying basal lamina (tunica intima) Thinnest for making exchanges between blood and tissue cells Activity One Observing a vein and an artery on a microscope slide. Major Systemic Arteries of the Body Activity Two Use the models provided to find arteries listed Use pictures on the following pages to assist Both models and pictures will be used on the test Major Systemic Veins of the Body Activity Three Use the models provided to find veins listed Use pictures on the following pages to assist Both models and pictures will be used on the test Special Circulations Pulmonary Circulation Does not serve metabolic needs of body tissues Function is to bring blood close to alveoli in order do gas exchange Pulmonary arteries are structurally similar to veins Create a low pressure bed in the lungs Carry deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs Pulmonary veins

Should there be any liability for Omission in criminal Law and if so, Dissertation

Should there be any liability for Omission in criminal Law and if so, how much it should be extended and Why Penalties for Omiss - Dissertation Example In some jurisdictions, the penalty involves depriving the person of his life. Because the punitive nature of criminal laws invades upon a persons’ rights, the nature of the offences must be such that a harm had been inflicted upon another by the deeds of the accused, which he had clearly intended, in order to justify the harshness of the punishment. These two elements – the offensive act and the malicious intention to inflict harm – must therefore be evident. However, where the offence done had been an omission to perform a deed, then the moral question arises as to whether the absence of an act would justify the imposition of punishment. This is the crux of the debate on criminal liability attached to omissions. This study explores the nature of omissions and the reason why certain types of omissions, and not others, would be worthy of sanction. Since omissions are construed as failure to perform a duty, the types and sources of duties are also examined to gain insight into the type of harm inflicted by the omission. The study delved into the philosophical arguments and set of attributes upon which to base an assessment of whether criminal liability should be attached to omissions. ... SIONS IN CRIMINAL LAW 12 2.1 Elements of a crime 12 2.2 Definition of ‘omission’ 12 2.3 Distinguishing acts from omissions 13 2.4 Omissions as a source of liability 14 Chapter 3: SOURCES OF DUTY AS BASIS OF OMISSIONS 18 3.1 Liability for omissions under the common law 18 3.2 Statutes that impose a duty to act 19 3.3 Failure to prevent or report criminal conduct 19 3.4 Duty arising from special relationships 20 3.5 Duty to avert a danger that was created by defendant 27 3.5 Failure to provide medical treatment 28 Chapter 4: TYPES OF SOURCES OF DUTIES 33 4.1 First type: voluntary assumption of duty 33 4.2 Second type: voluntary performance of an act that incurs a duty 34 4.3 Third type: justification without voluntariness 35 Chapter 5: SPECIAL ISSUES IN OMISSIONS 38 5.1 Corporate manslaughter by omission: omissions by police officers 38 5.2 Liability for omissions in international criminal law 43 Chapter 6: ANALYSIS 45 6.1 The central debate on attaching liabilities to omi ssions 45 6.2 The Act-Omission Paradox 48 6.3 Summary 50 Chapter 7: CONCLUSION 53 Bibliography 56 Table of Cases Airedale National Health Service Trust v Bland [1993] AC 789, All ER 821 Director of Publi Prosecutions v Santa-Bermudez, EWHC 2908 [2003] (Admin). Fagan v Metropolitan Police Commissioner [1969] 1 QB 439, [1968] 3 All ER 442, [ 1968] 3 WLR 1120, DC Lennard’s Carrying Co., Ltd. v Asiatic Petroleum Co., Ltd. [1915] AC 705. R v Adomako, [1994] HL R v Chattaway [1922] 17 Cr App R 7 R v Gibbins & Proctor, [1918] 13 Cr App R 134. R v Instan, [1893] 1QB 450 R v Khan, [1998] Crim LR 830 R v Lowe, [1973] QB 702 R v Stone & Dobinson, [1987] QB 354. R v Miller [1983] ] UKHL 6, 2 AC 161 R v Senior [1899] 1 QB 283 R v Yuthiwattana (1984) 80 Cr App R 55 Re B (A Minor) (Wardship: Medical Treatment)

Implementation, Strategic Controls, and Contingency Plans Term Paper - 1

Implementation, Strategic Controls, and Contingency Plans - Term Paper Example The threat that the organization is the stigma associated with people with mental health disability. The main objectives of the organization are the expansion of mental health facility in order to meet the demand of accommodating more elderly people with mental health disorders. Many elderly people are experiencing mental health disability and in order to overcome this problem, the organization needs to expand the capacity of the organization to accommodate more patients as well as educating the general public to reduce the rate at which the elderly are stigmatized due to their conditions. Wheelan, Hunger and Wicks (2005) point out that the functional tactics within the organization are the general processes undertaken within the organization so as to meet the goals. Two main areas will be discussed and they include the operations and service delivery. Operations involve an ongoing training among the organizational employees that fosters innovation within the organization. Through training, employees will be able to come up with new ways of improving service delivery to the elderly people. It is also recommended that the organization should adopt a performance based incentive that will motivate employees to put more effort in their working thus improving on quality and output. In service delivery it is important that the organization provide training to the staff in order to adapt to changes that occur in the organizational management system like the introduction of information technology would require that the organization are aware of the changes and that they can i ntegrate these changes and be able to work effectively with the introduced change. Refresher training is also important as it helps employees to remember various aspects of work that might not be achieved easily through practice. The action items that the organization is going to undertake will include the solicitation of funds that will enable the institution to

THE ECONO,Y AND MONOPOLIES Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

THE ECONO,Y AND MONOPOLIES - Essay Example Monopoly is a concept that strides under macroeconomics. In addition, it is a situation when there is a single seller in the market who acts like the godfather of all products; it means that only the seller may alter prices of the products according to his own intentions. Below mentioned are three reasons (Allison, 2009) in which monopoly would not be efficient: There has been a consensus many times practically that a government intervenes in the decision making of the country in economic activities like monopoly. United States (US) is one of those economies that used antitrust policies to stop a monopoly from occurring. There are several companies that faced problems here in the US and the name of Microsoft is one of them, largest company of software development in the country. The government of the US took several actions against the company to restrict their quota of manufacturing products in order not to build monopolistic stance within the economy. Apart from that, Microsoft was obliged to disclose everything in front of the public before the making and launching of any product in order to minimize the effects of monopoly to comply with the standards and to be in contact with the economic consequences with the country of

Memo Revision Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Memo Revision - Assignment Example The Vice President’s office wishes to inform all employees that relocation to new the building will commence on Thursday next week. It will not commence on Monday and Tuesday according to initial plans. This decision has been arrived at following planned visits by managers from the central office on Monday and Tuesday. The Vice President’s office does not anticipate experiencing any form of embarrassments when managers visit to find things in disorder. The office wish to express regret, in advance, for any confusion or inconvenience the change might cause. All affected personnel are, through this memo, urged to extend maximum cooperation during the planned move. All personnel will pack their items in standard size boxes during relocation. Monday or Tuesday marks the date of issuing the standard size boxes subject to confirmation after relevant consultations. The reason for it is to make everything proceed smoothly as planned. Issuance of standard size boxes also avoids reoccurrence of horrible scenes witnessed during the previous relocation. All personnel should be present during issuance of boxes and await official communication. The following is the schedule analyzed by the Human Resource manager after thorough considerations and consultations stipulating the order in which personnel and their packed boxes will move from different floors to the new building: 1:00 PM: First and second-floor personnel 2:00 PM: Third and fourth-floor personnel 3:00 PM: Fifth-floor personnel All personnel should take charge of their items as losses or damages incurred shall be upon the individual. Teamwork is hereby encouraged to have a smooth switch to the new offices. The Vice President’s office wishes all personnel an easy relocation to their new offices.

Managing Motivation within an Union Setting Essay

Managing Motivation within an Union Setting - Essay Example Also I have tried identify the limitations of the existing practices and further improvements for betterment of work life were suggested. The study of the subject on problems faced by employees in a unionized environment and the need for motivation is of lot of relevance in the present industrial scenario. Especially in U.K where the entire economy of the country is often controlled by powerful unions who define the work approaches to be followed by organizations, often resulting in the slowing down of the economy (Thomas Turner, et al, 2002). Presently however the situation has improved slightly in U.K because of the strong influence of European markets on U.K. economy. Employment relations in U.K, were a victim of improper communication between the stake holders and the stake holders pursuing their own interests rather than the common industry interests. As a result the scene was chaotic and conflicts rose between the Union strongholds, managements of various organizations and the Government. It is almost impossible to single out any part to blame but collectively employment relations suffered greatly, as a result economic growth took the back seat and new employable areas almost vanished. When situation looked grim and almost impossible to repair dramatic changes took place. ... What brought such a sudden change in their attitude is proper dialogue and a establishment of a transparent communication among the stake holders. It is not that there is no communication system previously, They have learnt what are the communication barriers which are hampering the process and they have successfully removed them. In U.S however the situation varies greatly. Because of the difference in social culture and work culture and different work ethics the U.S never really required the presence of unions and hence their presence never really controlled the economy (Helene Mulholland et al, 2007) of U.S nor they had a telling effect in defining work ethics to the managements of organizations. Though unions are meant for supporting the employees cause because many times they are controlling the opportunities and growth opportunities of employees. The call of the day presently in job market is professionalism. Organizations have preferred and are doing so, people with a high degree of professionalism because they expect people with a high degree of professionalism to know their job well and seemingly their efficiency will be better than ordinary employees. Presently opportunities are a plenty for people of high professionalism. Job scenario the present is vastly different from the past in many ways and presently because of the variety and the huge number of opportunities existing employees are often changing their jobs, always on the lookout for a bigger fatter deal( Smitha Gupta & Manisha Agarwal et al, 2007). Previous concepts like safe employment and employee retention for a longer duration are taking backseat. Unions used to play a stellar role in the past to

Belle Gunness-A Female Serial Killer Research Paper

Belle Gunness-A Female Serial Killer - Research Paper Example Little is known of the early life of Gunness, and reports that do exist are conflicted. Some report that Belle Gunness was born Bella Poulsdatter in Trondhjeim, Norway (Geringer). Other reports have Belle Gunness born as Brynhild Poulsdatter Storset in Selbu, Norway (Gibson 36). Most biographers, according to author Dirk Cameron Gibson, agree that her date of birth was November 11, 1859, in or around Lake Selbu, Norway, as well as the fact that she was raised without much money (36). It is also agreed that Belle, then Bella, emigrated from Norway to the United States between 1881 and 1884 by courtesy of her elder sister, who sent her money for passage as well as offered her houseroom upon her arrival in Illinois (36). It does appear that the first few years in America were happy ones. She Americanized her name to Belle and married her first husband, Mads Sorenson, along with bearing him four children, with only two living past infancy (Jones 157). The couple owned a candy store, but the popular saying goes that â€Å"it only turned a profit after it burned to the ground† (Jones 158). In addition, two of the houses the couple owned also burned (Geringer). All carried insurance policies, which the couple collected, as the insurance companies were never able to find exactly what started the fires (Jones 158). They were also unable to prove that the fires had been started intentionally (Jones 158). Gunness once again had reason to collect insurance in 1900. Mads Sorenson suddenly died on July 30, 1900 in a â€Å"convulsive agony† (Schechter 177). When he was examined by the coroner, he was found to have an enlarged heart, which was noted as his cause of death (Jones 158). Before the cash was finished being counted into her hands, Belle took the insurance money of $8,500 and moved to La Porte, Indiana, with her three children (Geringer). Once in La Porte, it was not long before love, or at least another husband, found

The Impact of the Iom Report on Nursing Education Essay Example for Free

The Impact of the Iom Report on Nursing Education Essay The Impact of the IOM report on nursing education With an estimated 64 million people having seen the Institute of Medicine’s reccomendations on the future of nursing within the first year of its release, it is arguably one of the most influential pieces of medical literature of the 21st century, leaving a lasting impact on healthcare and paving an innovative path forward for the nursing profession. The institute of Medicine (IOM) is a nonprofit, unaffiliated orginazition. Its purpose is to provide advice to the government and private sector in order to make an informed health decision. The IOM was established in 1970, and for the past 40 years, the organization has been answering the nation’s most pressing questions about healthcare. â€Å"On October 5, 2010, the IOM released its reccomendations on nursing in the United States. According to the IOM report, it is crucial that nurses achieve higher levels of education and training in order to prepare themselves for the dynamic work environment in which they will participate (IOM Forum on Future of Nursing Summary, 2010, para 1. ) Higher nursing degrees provide nurses with more critical thinking skills; this will create efficiency and improved quality of care for the patient. In order to increase nursing competence, it is paramount that there is an improved education system that promotes continuous academic progression as opposed to the current disjointed system that is both archaic and ineffective. As well as increasing the percentage of nurses who attain a Baccalaureate in the Science of Nursing (BSN) to 80% by 2020, having at least 10% of BSN nurses to enter a master or doctoral program, and doubling the number of nurses who pursue doctoral degrees, the profession should institute residency training in addition to currently instrumented internship programs for novice nurses. It is not enough that nurses simply attain a BSN before heading directly into the nursing workforce; it is imperative that newly graduated nurses participate in a residency program. This provides inexperienced nurses with the opportunity to gain familiarity with leadership and collaboration, conflict resolution, and ethical decision making. This will provide nurses with the confidence and skills required to become successful, competent healthcare providers who will become future leaders and advocates of the nursing profession. The impact of iom report on nursing practice particularly on primary care and how you would change your practice to meet the iom report. Scope of practice barriers are particularly problematic for advance practice registered nurses (APRN’s) aprn’s and the expansion of healthcare organization that have increased the roles and responsibilities of nurses in patient care- such as veterans, health, administration/ remove scope of practice barriers, particularly for aprn’s. How I can change to meet the IOM reccomendations. I have taken the first step by enrolling in an ADN to BSN program. I recently got a certification in my specialty- maternal newborn nursing. With these skills, I will be able to not only advance my personal career, but also apply my knowledge to make the environment more efficient and beneficial for the patient. By incorporating research and evidence based practices in patient care, I will be able to assist the patient to the best of my abilities. A pivotal IOM recommendation was the expansion of opportunities for nurses to lead and diffuse collaborative improvement efforts with physicians and other healthcare members (The Future of Nursing Leading Change, Advancing Health Report Recommendations, 2010, pg. . ) It is an unrealistic goal to reach an improved quality of healthcare nationwide without the wholehearted cooperation and support of nurses. It is not enough for nurses to sit back and watch the changes occur; we must be proactive in the redesigning of national healthcare. By contributing the unique perspective of the healthcare providers who interact with the patients the most, the system can be improved to be more efficient and beneficial for patients, healthcare providers, and management. However, in order to achieve this level of active communication with industry leaders, nurses need strong leadership skills (The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health, 2010, 5-1. ) The IOM report essentially underscores this vital need for nursing innovators. Going forward, nursing programs and employers will further encourage leadership and teamwork development in addendum to conventional nursing courses. As a result, nurse leaders will be able to effectively convey their concerns and reccomendations and with the help of physicians and management, implement ideas into innovative and insightful policies.

Tanglewood Measurement and Validation Essay Example for Free

Tanglewood Measurement and Validation Essay I would like to provide my insights into the staffing measurements and validation for the company. Briefly, the practical significance is the extent to which predictor adds value to prediction of job success. It is assessed by examining the sign and resulting magnitude which validities above .15 are of moderate usefulness and validities above .30 are of high usefulness. After reviewing the predictors of traditional selection which are education, work experience and interview score, the conclusion that I have derived is that the statistical significance of these scores are very medium, ranging from 0. 03 to 0.32 of all the areas. The strongest validities of the predictors happen to be work experience that measured against performance with a correlation of 0.22 with 0.01 p-value and 0.25 correlation and 0.01 p-value in promotion potential. Interview score, correlated the highest at the measure of promotion potential 0.32 with a p-value of 0.01. Factoring Tanglewood’s philosophies, the only measures which are meeting the strategy of the company in the old method are: work experience and interview score. But, Tanglewood conducted a pilot study based on the resonations of poor performance in which 10 of the stores based in the Seattle area where all administered new selection tools and they were further compared against the traditional selection method for statistical significance. This study contained 832 applicants for hirings in the Store associate positions. From the conclusion, I derive the highest validities came from the retail knowledge, biodata, applicant exam predicators. These measures rated the highest when it came to performance and promotion potential whereas the other factors remained low to medial (Citizenship/Absence). For the outcome that Tanglewood, is looking for I think the measures should be for hiring process should be: retail knowledge, biodata, and applicant exam.

Powers Of and Limitations On the UK Prime Minister

Powers Of and Limitations On the UK Prime Minister Parliament is the legislative body of the UK; it is composed of bicameral parliaments; The House of Commons (HOC) is responsible for considering and proposing new laws as well as scrutinizing governmental policies and legislation, oversees governments finances and administration. The House of Lords (HOL) participates within the law-making process, investigates matters of public interest independently and examines the administration of government. The party with the largest number of members in the HOC forms the government under the office of the Prime Minister (PM). This arrangement exists by a whereby the Monarch must appoint a PM to oversee government and lead the HOC; this position has evolved overtime as a consequence of historical and political acts with origins in the early 1680s. This appointment results in a transfer of power from the sovereign to parliament under the Royal Prerogative Powers (Bradley 2011). The role of the PM is to serve as the head of the Her Majestys government having been elected as the premiership winning party in the UK elections. He / she are not elected as head of their respective party by the public but from within their respective party (Braizer, 1999). Serving as the Chief of the Executive, the PM has a number of functions which include; overseeing Parliament, overseeing the operation of the Civil Service and government agencies, serving as the link among the executive and legislative branches of the assembly, responsibility for policy and governmental decisions ensuring that they are scrutinized and implemented once Royal Ascent has been granted and serving as the figure head in the HOC (Heffernan, 2005). They are responsible for managing a number of relations which include those between; the Government and the Monarch, Government and the Opposition and between the UK and the devolved assemblies. Through the power of patronage, the PM has the power to select the Cabinet The Executive and can appoint ministers to the Cabinet and appoint ministers to lead on specific policy areas such as education, health, foreign and commonwealth; extending the ministerial responsibility for the respective areas of work to them. The PM will also appoint special advisors and other political advisors within the Cabinet, on the basis of political viewpoint, skills and expertise. The PM is required to ensure that the order of precedency is upheld in Cabinet as well as ensuring that ministers adhere to and uphold the ministerial code. Holding power over ministerial conduct (1997 revised 2007) and if required they can appoint, reshuffle or dismiss ministers. The PM can use their power of collective responsibility to silence any critics avoiding dissention and ensuring cohesion exists with the cabinet. Decisions made with Cabinet meetings chaired by the PM must have support of the ministers irrespective of agreement on such matters, they are required to publicly support the PMs decision / mandate, failure to do so can result in dismissal / resignation as was the case of the late Robin Cook, Leader of the Commons and former Foreign Secretary, 2003. In order to encourage support from the cabinet the PM can use their power of patronage as a tool for reward and recognition bringing about change in behaviour and ensuring loyalty. It could be argued that this is both a power and a limitation, to some it is perceived as an elitist method of promotion on the basis of political support and rather than on the merit of work. Whilst the PM has many powers, one of the greatest limitations is the threat and in fighting from within their own respective party; without majority support, their position is weakened significantly as was the case with Margaret Thatcher in 1990, her former cabinet colleague Geoffrey Howe initiated a revolt against her leadership style leading to her resignation as PM. Interestingly, her successor John Major was subjected to a revolt following the lack of support from his party on the issue of Britain developing greater links with Europe, when the 1997 general election was undertaken he and the Conservatives suffered the largest electoral defeat in history. Without consulting the electorate, the governing party can at any time seek to replace the PM, as was the case in 2007 when Tony Blair was replaced by Gordon Brown as PM. The style of leadership style (Norton) of a PM can work for or against them during their time in office (Norton 2013). Thatcher gained significant popularity in the early 80s but went on to lose support as she was perceived as being too over-bearing and out of touch. Her famous statement This Ladys not for turning demonstrated how aggressive her leadership style was. Blairs leadership was strong and presidential like, he, like Thatcher did not always use his Cabinet for scrutiny or consultation giving rise to accusations of utilizing a kitchen-cabinet and increased use of special advisors, ultimately this caused much mistrust and dissention within the party and executive (Buckley, 2006). Although the PM serves as head of Cabinet; Ministerial members of the cabinet have equal powers primus inter pares, yet the PM is accountable to the nation and the electorate and is not above reproach. They are responsible not just for their decisions but those of their ministers. How the PM deals with contentious political or social issues and how they seek resolution can impact greatly on their popularity and confidence in them as a leader (Quinn, 2012) as was the case with Heath (Miners Strike 1974), Thatcher (Poll Tax 1989) and Blair (Iraq 2003). Browns popularity waned over the issue of calling a general election (2007) and tax rate reductions (2008) resulting in a call for leadership contest, this was usurped on the basis of his handling of the financial crisis (2008). Media can grossly influence public perception on the PM depending on their readerships left or right wing views (McCombs, 2013). To conclude, the PM is granted numerous powers, many of which bestowed from the Monarch and others from their position of PM and leader of their respective party. All powers come with limitations; the powers will work for or against a PM. Fundamentally their position is dependent on their interpretation and execution of said powers, a majority support of ministers on their mandate or how well he or she can secure their support. The office of Prime Minister is what its holder chooses and makes of it H H Asquith (Hennessy, 2001). Their leadership style can affect how ministers react; their position on changing legislation, how accountable they are politically and socially or when subjected to scrutiny can sway the balance of power to eventually become a limitation. (Word count 1094) Bibliography BRADLEY, A., 2011. The sovereignty of Parliament-form or substance? The changing constitution, 23, pp. 54-56. BRAIZER, R., 1999. Constitutional Practice: The Foundations of British Government. Oxford University Press on Demand. BUCKLEY, S., 2006. Prime Minister and Cabinet. Edinburgh University Press. HENNESSY, P., 2001. The Prime Minister: the office and its holders since 1945. Palgrave Macmillan. MCCOMBS, M., 2013. Setting the agenda: The mass media and public opinion. John Wiley Sons. NORTON, P. and JONES, B. 2014. Politics UK. 8th Edition. Harlow, Pearson QUINN, T., 2012. Electing and Ejecting Party Leaders in Britain. Springer.

Essay --

Every morning I wake up at the last minute. I press snooze from the moment my alarm goes off at 6:50 a.m. to 7:45 a.m. I go to bed early, but I can’t seem to get enough sleep. Teens are supposed to sleep for at least eight to nine hours every night. Having school start at 8:30 a.m. doesn’t help because teens like me have to work at night. After work I get home late and have homework to do before school the next morning, which keeps me up past midnight sometimes. Studies show that even getting a half an hour more of sleep improves children’s learning ability from eighteen to forty-four percent (School Really). If school started later teens would improve their grades and their health. Concentration from students is obviously one of the most important aspects in learning new things. It has been proven that if students sleep in, even if it’s only a half hour longer than normal, they’re more likely to have better concentration, behavior, and overall health. â€Å"A sleep disorder not only results in a sleepy, cranky, and often poor-performing student at school, but also an irritable, unhappy child or teenager at home† (Debatewise). Teenagers have a lot of stress put on them. One of the main stresses in teen’s lives is not getting enough sleep. Most teenagers have a job to help support their families and pay for their car insurance, gas, and other things they need. On top of having a job, many teenagers are in sports that occupy a lot of their free time. Teenagers are also pressured into getting all of their homework done in short amounts of time just to get good grades. The last thing that teenagers are worried about is sleep. Teenagers don’t realize how important sleep is not only to their education, but their health in general. ... ...l should start later varies. For one, it’s dangerous to drive to school tired. Automobile accidents are most commonly caused by inexperienced drivers. Imagine being inexperienced and being so tired to the point where you can barely keep your eyes open all because you have to be at school bright and early. Cutting back the time teens arrive at school has been proven to lower the risk of car crashes. There was a school that had cut car accidents by 17% just by changing the time school begins (3 Reasons). Being tired also causes depression, depression makes it harder for students to concentrate on what’s most important, their homework (3 Reasons). I can’t stress enough how important it is to get good grades. Getting good grades and having a good GPA, not only helps you become who you want to be when you get older, but it helps you get into any college you like.

Our Schools Need Community Service Learning Programs Essay -- Communit

"I don't know what your destiny will be, but one thing I do know: the only ones among you who will be really happy are those who have sought and found how to serve." - Albert Schweitzer Each community is like a human body, it requires a constant life force to survive. Volunteers and community service workers are the blood that maintains our communities. It fortifies our foundations. A community is only as strong as the weakest link. We must empower those weakened by poverty, discrimination and other social injustices. Compassion is a learned behavior. We obtain it through our parents initially teaching us morals such as empathy, kindness, and fairness. Secondly, we can reinforce it through school-based service learning projects. Mandatory school-based community service learning will benefit our country by an increase in volunteerism from the heart and social skills in our children and teens in the future.Service is your engagement in the relationship of the act of giving. Service is its most sincere when we help through whom we are not by what we do. We have to have compassion in order to serve correctly to be in the situation with someone not just for them (Wade, Rahima C., 1997). Volunteerism is embedded in the fibers of Americans. For centuries we have aided our society in all aspects of volunteerism. Harvard University, in 1636, formed the first academic library which was staffed with volunteers. In 1736, the first Volunteer Fire Department was established; in 1857 the American Red Cross was organized using volunteer labor(Megan 2011). As volunteers, will we promote charity or solidarity? Charity exhibits as insincere, superior, and often views the poor as sub-human. Solidarity presents ... ...g-Youth O’Sullivan, Theresa A., Community Service in The United States, Alternatives to improve volunteerism among Americans, Tallahassee, FL August 2004 Vessels, G., & Huitt, W. (2005). Moral and character development. Paper presented at the National Youth at Risk Conference, Savannah, GA, March 8-10. Retrieved [date], from http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/papers/chardev.pdf http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harris_Wofford Wade, Rahima C. "From a Distance: Service- Learning and Social Justice." Integrating Service Learning and Multicultural Education in Colleges and Universities . Ed. Carolyn R. O'Grady. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 2000. Youth helping America educating for active citizenship: service learning, school-based service and youth engagement 3/2006 Publisher: Corporation for National and Community Service. http://www.nationalservice.gov/

Film “Stagecoach” Analysis

Stagecoach: The Revolutionary Western John Ford built a standard that many future directors would follow with his classic 1939 film â€Å"Stagecoach†. Although there were a plethora of western films made before 1939, the film â€Å"Stagecoach† revolutionized the western genre by elevating the genre from a â€Å"B† film into a more serious genre. The film challenged not only western stereotypes but also class divisions in society. Utilizing specific aspects of mise-en-scene and cinematography, John Ford displays his views of society.The film consists of many cliche western characters. There is a banker, an outlaw, a prostitute, a doctor, a gambler, and a pregnant woman. These characters are categorized by social class. The banker, the pregnant woman, and the gambler are considered upper class. The outlaw, the prostitute, and the doctor are considered lower class. Ford emphasizes the social prejudice that is present between the two classes by using composition of m ise-en-scene. In the dinner table scene, Lucy Mallory cannot bear eating next to, Dallas, the prostitute.Therefore, Hatfield escorts Lucy Mallory to the opposite end of the table. The use of space in the scene depicts the division between the upper class and the lower class. Because of the social status of Ringo Kid and Dallas, the characters in the upper class try not to associate themselves with them. John Ford also illustrates that prejudice can also occur within the same social class. In one of the earlier scenes, Lucy Mallory is in the hotel with her friends. The camera is in a medium range shot and the shot is from the inside of the tearoom.In this scene, Lucy Mallory asks her friends who the strange man outside of the window is. Her friends reply that the man is nothing but a notorious gambler. In this shot, the curtains of the window frame Hatfield. The way that Hatfield is judged immediately is similar to picking up a picture frame and judging a picture. Ford is trying to i llustrate the fact that even at first glance, Lucy Mallory is given a negative perspective of Hatfield. Throughout the film, the characters in the lower class are not respected by the others.Doc Boone is not taken seriously and considered a fool because he is always drunk. Dallas is always forgotten and all the attention is given to Mallory. In a scene where the stagecoach is headed towards Apache Wells in the cold, Hatfield’s facial expressions show that he is worried and concerned whenever he looks at Lucy Mallory. Hatfield, being a gentleman, offers Lucy Mallory water and serves water to her in a fancy silver cup but does not bother to ask Dallas. However, Ringo Kid makes sure Dallas also gets a drink of water.This demonstrates that even though Hatfield is considered a gentleman, he does not show any concern for Dallas because she has a lower social status. Once the stagecoach arrives in Lordsburg, Lucy Mallory is carried out on a stretcher. At first, the camera shot is wi de-angled and the street is crowded with soldiers and civilians. Then there is a close-up shot of Mallory on the stretcher as she speaks to Dallas. The shot reveals Mallory’s facial expression of remorse. Mallory looks apologetic and offers any help to Dallas.This is one of the final scenes in the film and illustrates how Mallory’s view of Dallas completely changed by the resolution of the film. Throughout the film, Mallory felt uncomfortable being around Dallas. Once Dallas helped take care of Mallory’s baby, Mallory realized that her judgment of Dallas was completely wrong. John Ford challenges society’s views of people based on class. Most people would expect the characters in the upper class to be more compassionate and respectable compared to the lower class.However, as the film progresses, the stereotypes are broken down and the characters true intentions are revealed. Everyone’s view of Ringo Kid and Doc Boone also changed by the end of the film. Although Doc Boone was always intoxicated, he was able to deliver the baby of Mallory. Ringo Kid was considered just an outlaw but he helped defend the stagecoach and fight the Indians. Ford shed new light on the western cliches and helped transform the western genre.

The Advantage and The Detriments of Using Internet

The honourable headmaster, and staff of my shcool. The honourable the Juries and my English teachers. Ladies and Gentlemen. First of all, I want to say thanks for our almighthy God who has given us health so we can meet in this nice room today. And I don't forget to express my gratitude to the juries who have given me the opportunity to stand here for conveying a speech in front of you all.And then I say thank you very much for all the participants and the udience that give me support to deliver my speech. Ladies and Gentlemen. At this time I will convey a speech in front of you by little the Advantages and the Detriments of using internet. Internet is a program that has been created to connect the communication from one computer to all the computer in the world. Internet usually use by students, businessmen, and etc. Internet have many advantages for us. The advantages is we can find a lot of informations, knowledges, entertainments, nd business informations.Although Internet have a lot of advantages. Internet have many detriments too. The detriments arise because many people who abuse It like playing game too often, waste time, not take knowledge, hackers, dirty advertisements, look at pornography picture and waste money. I think It's enough for today. Thank you for all the Juries and all the audience. Last but not least, I give one statement for â€Å"Browse this world by Internet but don't forget for the consequence of Internet†.

Parental Sensitivity and Attachment in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Essay

The article that I chose is â€Å"Parental Sensitivity and Attachment in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Comparison With Children With Mental Retardation, With Language Delays, and With Typical Development†. I am certain that the article I chose is scholarly for several reasons. The most obvious is that the advanced search tool in the Kaplan library offers the option to exclude all results that are not scholarly work that has been checked through the peer-review process. More proof that this article is scholarly is that it is based on academic study and research and it has the methods, manner and appearance of a scholar (Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, 2010). Scholarly articles such as this one also make frequent use of charts and graphs and reference secondary sources accurately using citations and a bibliography. In contrast, articles written for the general population that intend to arouse curiosity are called â€Å"sensational or popular† and can be found in magazines that appeal to the masses such as â€Å"People† or â€Å"US Weekly† as opposed to the more serious journals used in academia to report research and experimentation. The article that I chose was checked through the process of peer-review which is when other scholars or experts in the same field review scholarly work in order to make sure it meets necessary standards before it is published or accepted (Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, 2010) . Parental sensitivity is frequently documented as a key determinant of attachment. Bowlby’s attachment theory describes the importance of the early relationship that develops between the infant and the primary caregiver to be the foundation for the child’s later social, emotional and even cognitive development (Bowlby, 1982). The article I chose to study supports the possibility that Autism challenges this theory of attachment. This issue has evolved dramatically since the scrutiny that mothers of Autistic children were facing in previous decades as a result of the lack of knowledge and research available regarding Autism Spectrum Disorders. Leo Kanner once used the term â€Å"Refrigerator Mothers†, or cold and uncaring mothers, to be the cause of the lack of attachment in children with what we now know to be Autism Spectrum Disorder. This scholarly study is intended to provide insight as to whether or not and to what degree parental sensitivity plays a role in the development of attachment in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder as compared to that of nonclinical children and those with other developmental disorders such as mental retardation (Rutgers et al. , 2004). The study also attempts to address whether children with Autism display less involvement with their parents and less attachment security and more disorganization of attachment? This study included 55 toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), mental retardation, language delay, and typical development and their parents. At 2 years of age attachment was assessed with the Strange Situation procedure, and parental sensitivity and child involvement during free play were assessed with the Emotional Availability Scale (Rutgers et al. , 2004). Parents of children with ASD were equally sensitive as the parents of children without ASD, but their children showed more attachment disorganization and less child involvement. More sensitive parents had more secure children, but only in the group without ASD. Less severe social autistic symptoms predicted more attachment security. Overall this study supports the idea that Autism challenges the validity of attachment theory. This study fails to address whether or not and in what ways attachment behaviors in children with ASD differ from those seen in other children in the study. More research is needed to determine how to best measure attachment in children with ASD as the indication may differ from children without Autism. Seemingly as important, a child with ASD may be able to develop a better sense of attachment with parents and caretakers if given more physical cues rather than psychological which is measured in this study by the level of sensitivity from the parent. Another helpful measure might be to compare the parent-child attachment for siblings of the children in this study at various points in time. Reference http://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewContentItem.do;jsessionid=6D46A9381C4560FE3E2565C7FDBD8A83?contentType=Article&contentId=1674221

News and History: Re-Inventing Iraq Through British Drawdown

Early this month U.S. Defense Department’s Secretary Robert Gates and British Defense Secretary Des Browne met in London to agree on the withdrawal of half of the British troops in   Iraq. They said that the pull out was not because of any mounting domestic political pressure from any individual or groups but because of the improved situation in the said region. Des Browne said that Britain and the U.S. have the same aspirations for Iraq. But while the situation in Iraq continues to stabilize, in Afghanistan, however, it was the opposite. Des Browne is calling for additional international forces to be sent to Afghanistan which he said as part of the â€Å"long-term commitment† to pursue stability in those areas. That probably is the catch for the withdrawal because according to him all the 2,500 troops that would be taken out in southern part of Iraq would be diverted to Afghanistan to support the present force manning those territories. The two powerful personalities agreed that there is no need for most of the forces in those parts of Iraq and that the withdrawal was agreed by Gen. David Petraeus who was the highest military personnel in Iraq. Accordingly the situation in this part of the region has been neutralized and had been peaceful in the past few months and no major war can be foreseen. Also, Australian troops would be included among those to be withdrawn. These three countries have been blood allies from the beginning and such decision are always being agreed by these three powerful nations. But that is not the end of the news, however. According to the New York Times, in reality there is still continuous fighting between the rival Shiite factions who are trying to gain control of the oil-rich section of Iraq. Just recently, politicians were assassinated in the provinces of Muthanna and Diwaniyah. These provinces were located in the southern part of the country and people say that these political killings are being done by certain groups to have control over all of the oil reserve found in these areas. Britain’s Prime Minister Tony Blair was somewhat dismayed of the growing fractionalization and rebellion in Iraq. The Prime Minister has always been supporting the U.S. in its long time war with Iraq and ironically his decade-long tenure ended in June this year. Blair was questioning British Prime Minister Gordon Brown’s decision on the issue of withdrawal and for now Brown had to distance himself from the embattled ex-Prime Minister. Britain has more than 5,000 troops particularly situated in Iraq while the U.S. has nearly 170,000 troops all stationed around Iraq. After the announcement of the withdrawal, Brown said those who will remain would be tasked to train Iraqi government troops and will only fight if necessary. They will also be withdrawn by the end of next year, he said. The New York Times also reported that some U.S. Marines were proposing to be pulled out along with the Britons and also wanted to move to Afghanistan because they feel they are better suited to fight in that war (Youssef, 2007). This news was more related with Toby Dodge’s book Inventing Iraq where in the old days the British colonizes part of the Ottoman territories in the now modern Iraq and built frontiers to keep natives from uniting and throwing them out of their colonies. British has long been trying to conquer Iraq because of its vast oil resources and widening its territories. Although it has established itself temporarily, ultimately it failed to conquer the country due to Britain’s misguided policies plus the ever intervening attitude of the U.S. The result was a failure of governance and ultimately the assumption of rule by the Iraqis. The author has explicitly vindicated the fate of the oppressed as against the oppressor and implied that no one has the right to rule anybody because it is unjust and immoral. Reference: Youssef, N. A. (2007). Gates: British Drawdown In Iraq Due To Improved Conditions [Electronic Version]. Retrieved October 17, 2007 from http://www.mcclatchydc.com/homepage/story/20393.html.      

Analyzing the Narrative Essay Example for Free

Analyzing the Narrative Essay It was the winter of 2006, in the month of January, and my junior year of high school. By this time in high school I’d had some quirky teachers and to be honest Mr. DeBruyn didn’t seem so uniquely special but apparently he had his moments. English class began on a day when it seemed like school should have been cancelled due to the blizzardous weather earlier that morning. Mr. DeBruyn had an auspicious look on his face then says, â€Å"We’re doing an in class writing assignment today but it’s not going to be in class†. The whole class paused and waited for his next sentence. He told everyone to go to our lockers and get prepared to go outside. Everyone protested and all he could say is â€Å"you have three minutes, dress warm†, as if we wouldn’t! Back in the classroom we grabbed our notebooks as best we could with our gloves, scarves, hats, and puffy winter coats to hold us back. The assignment was to write about nature, as usual, but this time from a first hand experience. We were to pick a certain aspect of what we say outside and discuss how the snow and winter weather affected it, whether it be a plant, bush, tree, or whatever. Once outside everyone was shivering and freezing trying to slap down notes as fast as possible. Mr. DeBruyn then pulled out a digital camera and took a picture of the spot each student examined. Back inside everyone rushed to finish an essay of their choppy notes. I’d hoped it wasn’t worth much of our grade. A few months went by and he hadn’t mentioned anything about the assignment, nor gave it back to us. It was April now. He returned the assignment and no one scored higher than a ‘B’, which was expected. He then gave us each a copy of the area we studied, from the pictures he had taken, and sent us back outside to re-examine the same spot. We were told to re-write the assignment and now descriptively compare the two images and had the weather conditions made the images vary. Mr. DeBruyn turned out not to be so bad, in fact he was kind of cool. I liked that he had challenged us in unique ways, and apparently so did everyone else. Turns out, his creative teaching style touched the hearts of a lot of students, not just me. As proof, he was voted as the teacher to speak at our graduation. And that is no small honor. The privilege of addressing the graduating class at their commencement exercises is a direct testament to to how much the teachers is loved and appreciated by the class. The teacher chosen, therefore, is the one who has the most positive impact on the entire class. And I most certainly agree that Mr. DeBruyn has been an inspiration, and I will never look at winter the same way again. The story of Mr. DeBruyn is a compelling piece of narrative, very simple in its use of words, but highly poignant and raw with emotions. The use of simple words and straightforward imagery makes the material accessible to everyone. However, while simple and highly accessible, the piece is equally provocative, engaging the reader in philosophical musings, while reading the piece and afterwards. Teachers and students alike will find lessons in the simple story of Mr. DeBruyn and the lessons about life that he imparts to his students. The most striking theme in the essay is the concept of education being practice by the teacher, Mr. DeBruyn. John Dewey, the great educational philosopher, once said that there is no better context for learning than the context of real life. Sadly, most classes offer pure theories without any exposure on how such theories find practical form in the real life. In particular, Dewey’s ideas on using real-life tasks and challenges find great significance in my class with Mr. DeBruyn.   The opportunities he provided the class to experience real life is truly one lesson that everyone in that class will never forget. Teaching is perhaps one of the most meaningful of all professions because every day you are given the chance to make meaningful and lasting contribution to an individual’s life. In fact the No Child Left Behind Act recognizes the singular power of teachers in the learning process; so much so that the bar has been raised for teachers in the hopes of improving the educational system. I believe that a big part of the decline in education is that most teachers have lost pride in their vocation. Teachers must have a sense of dignity of work. Unfortunately, when the work is hard and the money is tight, that is easily forgotten. As such, there is an urgent need for reforms, and the community should take an active role in making teachers feel more valued through active support and acknowledgement. By the single act of capturing winter and seeing the image compared with another season, the class became more aware of their surroundings and became more appreciative of the world around them. In one singular stroke of genius, Mr. DeBruyn was able to rekindle our sense of wonder and discovery, things which are at the very heart of learning, and is essential for every student and teacher to have, regardless of whatever subject is being taught or learned. Of course, of utmost importance is what I have learned from this class. If there is one thing that I will carry from my experience with Mr. DeBruyn, it is that you have to let your students take the lead. As a teacher you have to be very sensitive to the signals that your students are sending you individually and collectively as a class. Learners will always give you signs whether you are doing the right thing or not. You have to be ready for contingencies and be prepared to make on the spot adjustments. Let them tell you how they want to learn, because they know what they need from their teacher. I have learned to look at things from all possible levels and adopt my thinking from those perspectives. If I become a teacher, I should never impose myself on them; instead let them teach me how they want to be taught. This is an important realization that I will always keep in mind should I decide to enter the teaching vocation. Indeed while it is true that students need to feel that someone is in control and responsible for their environment and sets classroom limits but maintains them (Wong, 2001), it is more important for teachers to let the minds of the students soar in wonder and discovery. Of course it deserves to be mentioned that the things I have learned from Mr. DeBruyn goes beyond the classroom; more than teaching a lesson, Mr. DeBruyn taught us about life. Much has been said about the nobility of the teaching profession, and indeed, the high sense of duty and the self-sacrifices required from a teacher on a daily basis is nothing less than heroic. I see this first hand in the story of DeBruyn’s class. From this very simple essay I have realized that educational reforms do not necessarily need to cost anything. Indeed, Mr. DeBruyn has shown that it does not take too much time or money to effect a change inside the classroom. As what Mr. DeBruyn has shown, all that is needed is the passion for teaching and genuine desire to share in the learning experience. It is not difficult, and all that is needed to go back to the basics. In the educational process, all teachers must be reminded that the learning process starts with what the child knows. Prior learning is the framework where new concepts are built upon. As such, every teacher should begin with the previous lesson and connect it to the new material. Let the child see the relationship and build their own concepts. This way the child earns ownership of what he has learned because it was a result of what he already knows. These are the things I have been able to reflect upon, and it has had a profound effect in me as an individual looking her place in the sun. From firsthand experience, I have witnessed the power of the teacher to make meaningful and lasting contribution to the lives of students. Indeed the teacher is the single biggest factor that determines the success or failure of the students to learn what they should. I have realized that it is the teacher who creates the atmosphere that focuses the class on their tasks and keeps them engaged in the lessons. Indeed, every moment is an opportunity to learn, and the teacher must create that opportunity for the students. (Mujis, 2005, 75) Reading Mr. DeBruyn I have realized that Mr. Paul Trout of The Chronicle Review would be very pleased by his story. Mr. Trout, in her article entitled Shame on You, takes a critical look at education and forwards the idea that the more the classrooms are threats to the students morale and well-being. While Mr. Trout’s arguments may be valid, Mr. DeBruyn flies in the face of Mr. Trout’s thesis. There can be redemption and life-changing inspiration within the four halls of the classroom. The negative view of the teachers and the school, while not unfounded, is not always true. Across the country, teachers are making a difference in the lives of students, one kind word and encouragement at a time. According to Paul Freire’s Pedagogy of the Oppressed (1993),   Ã¢â‚¬Å"A careful analysis of the teacher-student relationship at any level, inside or outside the school, reveals its fundamentally narrative character. This relationship involves a narrating Subject (the teacher) and patient listening objects (the students).† This description of Friere depicts a one-way relationship between students and teachers, and as such, the transfer of knowledge occurs when the teacher narrates or uses words to teach. But words, while extremely powerful and effective at initiating change is not the only tool at a teacher’s disposal. Actual experiences go beyond any words to properly describe. Mr. DeBruyn proved this by immersing his class in authentic experiences, which did not need much explaining. It was an exchange of knowledge that took place in the heart. I think that the philosophy that comes closest to Mr. DeBruyn’s teaching style is the one espoused by Ms. Rachel Toor. In her article, It’s Mr. Orwell to You, she promoted a teacher-student relationship that was informal. Not informal in the sense that the students treat teachers without any respect. Rather, students approach the learning system with intimacy. They view a piece of literature as someone written by a real person, and as such, is someone they can very well relate to. By â€Å"humanizing† lessons, the students become less intimidated, are able to relax their mind and be open to more learning. Indeed, education is a complex issue that is fraught with difficulties. But no other profession is more fulfilling. To the individual who has the calling to teach. Pursue it with a heart open to all kinds of possibilities. It will not be easy, not by a long shot. But remember that a meaningful life is always fraught with sacrifices. But at the end of the day, the fulfillment is something that you cannot get anywhere else. And that alone is the reason that keeps true teachers inside the classroom each and every day. Analyzing the Narrative. (2017, Jan 30).

How Did Japan's Successful Adaptation to the Challenges of Western Imp Essay - 1

How Did Japan's Successful Adaptation to the Challenges of Western Imperialism and China's Failure Complete - Essay Example Similarly for China, to revive an economy that was devastated by the ravages of a long civil war, and turn it into one of the fastest growing economies by the end of the century was a truly laudable achievement. Japan moved from a limited democracy with a semi-divine monarch before world war II, to a thriving progressive one by the last decade of the twentieth century. China, on the other hand, transformed from a communist form of government at the end of the civil war, to a more modern form of socialism using reform and an opening of its markets by the end of the century. At the beginning of the twentieth century, western powers like Britain, France, Germany, and Belgium had grown rich and powerful through the acquisition of colonies in Asia and Africa. Japan sought to imitate western imperial powers by acquiring foreign territorial possessions because of the power and prestige associated them. The frequent provocation by western powers, their racial prejudices towards Asian people; as well as its own concerns for its territorial and economic security, led Japan into a series of wars in China as well as other South Asian countries. This was done mainly to increase its sphere of influence and to secure much-needed markets for its goods. The disastrous results of trying to imitate western imperialism saw Japan reduced from a dynamic Asian empire in the 1930s and 1940s to a small group of islands in a western dominated order by the end of WWII. The result of the second world war changed Japan’s fortunes. Devastated by the atomic bomb and over-populated due to the return of its people from   Manchuria and Korea, a starving Japan was forced to accept free food from America. The impact of this on the Japanese people was naturally profound and resulted in a steely determination to return to a position of power in the new world order. Japan had to begin over again the process of developing industry and self-sufficiency. One advantage it had was its talent pool in terms of educated people in the field of science and technology. Another was its strong belief in free enterprise and its expertise in managing industry in such an environment.  

Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) and Customer Satisfaction Essay

Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) and Customer Satisfaction Strategy - Essay Example However, with the incorporation of IMC, the marketers have perceived that an effective strategy relies on the integration of messages into various media. Nowadays, online marketing has been widely used by marketing teams due to the consumers’ demand for technology. Traditional media such as newspaper and magazine have low market share and audience reach when compared to interactive media. Thus, the advertisers rely mostly in online advertisements to reach diversified users as part of the company’s marketing goals. This paper analyzes the advertising strategy of Nike Incorporated in the IMC perspective. It examines the alignment of marketing goals to the marketing strategies of the company that aim to satisfy the consumers with their products and services. Furthermore, this will entail the method of measuring the effectiveness of advertising and the level of customer’s satisfaction. Organizational Background Nike is a Greek goddess that signifies victory. Indeed, the brand name is known for its high quality products in the area of sports. Before Nike originated, the business name was Blue Ribbon Sports which was established by American manufacturers in January 25, 1964. Nike is focused on marketing the sports categories including apparel, equipment, footwear, and accessory products. It has been associated with different trademarks such as Nike Golf, Nike Pro, Nike+, Air Jordan, and Nike Skateboarding, plus the brand extensions like Converse and Cole Haan. Moreover, Nike is known for the swoosh sign or the wing of Greek goddess where its name derived. The â€Å"Just do it† advertising slogan adds to the popularity of Nike in the sports section (Deng, 2009, p. 102). Media Plan Advertising Strategy Nike is known globally due to its marketing strategies in broadcast and print, and the recent innovation that enables to reach wide audience is the internet. Nike aims to â€Å"sell a global brand through marketing that appeals to local taste (Goldman & Papson, 1998, p. 4). That’s why, they have unified slogan, themes, and advertising message. Furthermore, to become the leading manufacturer of sports products, Nike envisions itself to carry the legacy of innovative thinking through creative modification of the message and services (Nike, 2011). For an instance, Nike has recognized of the male superiority imposed by the brand image of Nike; hence, they reach women’s athletes to erase the negative identification by creating fashionable footwear and using advertising to convey their message. Due to the successful assimilation of Nike’s slogan, it aims to continue the â€Å"Just Do It† principle into â€Å"Just Done It† which signifies the purpose of this company to persuade consumers. To sustain its brand image as the leading sportswear manufacturer, Nike advertises its products through partnership with the sports icons such as Michael Jordan, Tiger Woods, Lance Armstrong, and Lebron Jame s that represent strength and determination. Nike communicates their message in TV commercials by using humor that appeals to consumers. In addition, sports magazines are ideal tools for Nike, since they have a specific target audience. Few examples are Runners World, Backpacker, and Midwest living. The low cost advertising strategy is outdoor advertising where Nike utilizes billboards located in a traffic area and bus stops. Moreover, the most innovative approach to consumers is interactive marketing wherein Nike

Business 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business 4 - Essay Example The article also notes that key to using all the above powers is by sing them ethnically. This means that carefully applicability of powers where is does not oppress the powerless is welcome. Similarly, the article notes that personal power is negative while social power is positive. This implies that exercising individual power does not do good to serve the interest of the followers but instead portray those in power as authoritative and serving self-interest. Hence, those who best enjoy the power are those with social power. It works in favor of the followers contrary to satisfying the individual interest. The negativity of the personal power comes because it serves the interest of the holder at the expense of the majority. Because of all these, the article notes that power has a role to play in aligning the followers towards the mission they are expected to accomplish. Hence, the functional power sources includes control of critical resources as well as strategic contingencies. Moreover, the article shows that recognizing the symbols of both power and powerless is essential in diagnostic skills for managers. As a manager, one is expected to pay attentive to the subordinate or the followers by understanding their needs. This is important because it eases the administration duties and leading the mass. Similarly, recognizing followers and understanding their needs helps in building political skills that a leader or the person in power can use towards influencing them. Additionally, most organizations striving to excel have organizational politics that have become part of work life. Some portray political behaviors, which comprises of actions not sanctioned to influence others for personal goals. Therefore, it is the duty of a manager-to-manage organizational politics so that it does not derail the good work done by others who are focused and

Reaction paper of Thiefing a Chance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reaction paper of Thiefing a Chance - Essay Example cal prospect is quite innovative, as she risks participating in the clandestine activities for the purpose of properly comprehending and learning the scope of the practice. Moreover, her analysis is pertinent because it outlines how this institutional ploy is not an oppositional scheme directed against the employer or the capitalist system (Prentice 2009). However, Prentice outlines that these women perceive â€Å"thiefing a chance† as a merely ethically justifiable act since, unlike absolute theft, it depends on their labor. Thus, this practice accomplishes their cultural ideals that date from the Caribbean work histories in which ethical rights to individual dependence and autonomy, however illegal, are immensely prized and accepted as in Creole economics. As regards Prentice’s case, the prescribed comprehension of the ethical sphere of the economy of Trinidad would not discourage illegal activity (Prentice 2009). However, numerous other Caribbean societies punish petty theft in respect of labor and entrepreneurial knowhow. Additionally, Prentice’s article bears various linkages to Browne’s study. II thus believe that the study is also innovative and qualifies as a stimulating and resourceful material that offers different cases and explicates on them according. Notably, diverse kinds of grassroots initiatives to inculcate pressure on the ethical sphere occur when volunteer affiliations aim at compensating the insufficiency of capitalist markets to deliver public merchandise. This article offers the Halperin’s instance of extreme gifting in Cincinnati that depicts grass root group involvement in running a charter school. I trust that this is an interesting prospect to highlight. Moreover, as Halperin argues, I bear true that unrecognized or unknown ethical economies may blossom. Eventually, I presume that Mauss’s notion of a gift economy requires formulation to contain gift micro economies that emanate in the context of neoliberal entrepreneurship.

Products Advertisement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Products Advertisement - Essay Example The essay "Products Advertisement" analyzes how different companies influence the people’s decision to purchase their goods and services which depend heavily on a number of subliminal messages. The messages give psychological convincement and persuasion to buy the commodities of particular organization or firm. The messages give psychological convincement and persuasion to buy the commodities of particular organization or firm. The more people see the subliminal messages the more they get persuaded to have a taste of the commodity advertised. Moreover, it also helps in creating awareness of the good sold. The subliminal messages play with the psychology of people by giving the mind the message that most people presume enjoyable. It may include sex images. In toure de France ads, the type of subliminal messages that they try to imitate are brand selling. However, they also have some product brand association included in their ads. Moreover, the types of subliminal messages that the Baskin Robins uses in its advertisements are a brand association. Even though they do little advertisements, the few that they do try to joke with the psychology of p0eople regarding the brand name of the firm. The Tostitos Company though presumed as a racist company tries to sell their brand name by the subliminal ads. However, Amazon uses brand association to advertise their products. However, they also use the sex ads to advertise their products. Tostitos uses political campaigning for their products.

Enhancing health and social care through inter-professional education Essay

Enhancing health and social care through inter-professional education - Essay Example Prior to begin with the group work, my mind was pre-occupied with various feelings and I was quite nervous regarding the accuracy of the outcomes to be obtained through my performance. I was also shy, as I had to perform within a group comprising different people, some of them being experienced than me. My knowledge and skills has changed significantly after the group work. I have gained more knowledge about radiography by analysing the viewpoints of the students engaged in the work process with me. The different styles used by others also helped me in enhancing my own way of working and incorporating various significant aspects relating to radiography. I experienced and gained better knowledge about how to handle the differences in the view points while working in a group and arrive to one particular solution in order to make the work more effective. Through the group work, I learnt that views of every student are important and their significance depends on the way they are communicated to every individual or group (U.S. Department, 2013; Canterbury Christ Church University, 2012). After the group work with the students, it can be argued that my behaviour would be different as I was expecting so with the development in my knowledge base. This can be owing to the influence of diverse students and their behavioural traits that inspired me to do better in radiography. Subsequently, I have become more confident regarding the use of radiography and its operations for visualising the internal body parts of an individual with accuracy. I also gained much understanding about the procedures and the safety measures involved in radiography that eventually helped me in meeting the professional challenges confidently. Through my experience, I was able to identify that different members in the team have different views along with styles while handling situations. This has helped me in broadening my knowledge and making my behaviour more

Bunisness management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Bunisness management - Essay Example This change should come in different forms such as strategic, structural, cultural, process oriented and people oriented. The use of soft and hard approaches to change can be useful in this regard. As the power of the regional heads is one of the major obstacles in bringing change, Gerstner needs to define the company’s objectives and the relative course of action to meet the desired goals. On the other hand, he needs to empower the junior staff with decision making capabilities and innovation in order to create more value and discover more efficient ways of implementing the change process. A participative style of leadership would be appropriate to handle the current situation at IBM. This will allow the employees to analyze a given situation and come up with solutions regarding what to do and how to do it. Gerstner should critically understand and assess the culture and behaviours at each level of IBM. This will help in identifying the core values, attitudes, assumptions and perception of the employees that are essential for the successful change to occur. It will serve as a common baseline for developing the elements of change such as the new corporate strategy, infrastructure and programs to drive change. The implementation of the change process should be followed with the direction of business plans and tactics to meet the customer needs and competition. A continuous reassessment of the organization’s ability to move towards a new wave of transformation is necessary. Soft Approach with the employees: Coetsee (1999) states "any management's ability to achieve maximum benefits from change depends in part of how effectively they create and maintain a climate that minimizes resistant behavior and encourages acceptance and support" (p. 205). This means that Gerstner along with the management of IBM should choose the democratic leadership style as it offers a great deal of flexibility to handle a range of situations. In this way, ideas will move fr eely amongst the group and discussion will be relatively free-flowing. This will facilitate the conversation with the employees and will encourage them to share their ideas and synthesize the available information in the best possible way. It will capitalize their skills and talents by increasing their involvement in decision making activities coupled with new concepts and opinions. At present, the authoritarian atmosphere of the regional heads and other senior management uses the downward or vertical flow of communication to direct the managers and their subordinates. This is suitable in order to tackle such situations where the employees have less knowledge or have no sense of direction and close supervision is required. According to the present condition, Gerstner should restructure it as a flat organization. This will promote team spirit and better flow of communication among the employees. Change in the organizational culture: The culture of IBM is characterized with low tolera nce for change by the involvement of the higher authorities. The degree of formality is high and there are boundaries to separate the top from the ground. Thus, new activities and processes will be very difficult to implement if these characteristics don’t mesh with the culture. Gerstner must use a collective approach to define the ‘shared meaning or purpose’

Prewriting Assignment Essay Example for Free

Prewriting Assignment Essay Times I Saw an Adult Cry I. I was very young when I first saw an adult cry.   I did not actually see an adult cry in person; I saw it on television.   Nonetheless, it was the first time I have seen an adult shed tears.   That night, I was at home with the babysitter when my mother left to run some errands.   I remember that the babysitter tucked me to my bed early and I immediately fell asleep.   After some time, I was awakened by the sounds of people talking.    It was rather loud, and I could hear the voices of a man and a woman in conversation. Out of curiosity, I got out of bed and opened the bedroom door.   At first, I thought that maybe the babysitter had some company. So I carefully walked downstairs to the den, where the babysitter usually stays.   I took a peek and found her alone.   The sounds I heard came from the television; she was only watching a movie.   I remember that it was an old movie, as it was in black and white.   To my surprise, the woman in the movie began to cry.   I was surprised because I have never seen the adults in my house cry.   I thought crying were only for babies and young children.   After that, I learned that adults can also cry. II. When I was younger, my family and I were on a road trip. The trip was generally smooth, until my father decided to take a short cut.   He was driving the car, and he turned left to a narrow dirt road.   It proved to be a wrong decision; the road led to a cemetery, where a burial was taking place.   The width of the road made it difficult to pass through, but the parked cars on both sides of the road made it more problematic. The traffic caused my father to drive slowly, allowing me to witness the burial.   I saw all of the mourners; all of them were dressed in black.   However, a man stood out in the crowd out of his sheer size. As a child, I was terrified of bald, stocky men.   They all seemed intimidating to me. The man in the cemetery was tall, stocky and bald.   Because he appeared intimidating, I did not expect him to cry in the burial. I was not used to seeing men cry, especially those of his size.   I was expecting him to be simply serious but not emotional.   Besides, it was said that men do not cry.   As we drove past the cemetery, I caught a glimpse of him pulling out a handkerchief and wiping his eyes.   He was indeed crying.   I contemplated that maybe the grief over the loss of a loved one may have been too much to bear, that it prompted a seemingly intimidating man to cry. III. Our next door neighbor was a woman with two children.   The woman had fair skin and dark curly hair. She was remarkably thin and was rarely seen at home.   My mother said that she worked two jobs so she could pay the rent and feed her children. I always liked her because whenever she was around, she would smile at me and her eyes would seem to smile too. She had those distinct smiling eyes.   One day, my mother and I went out of the house as we were hearing loud noises from her home. We saw this tall man coming out of her house, dragging the children with him. She was screaming while grabbing on to the man’s arm. She tried to stop him, but her small frame was no match to the man’s physique. The children were shouting for their mother as the man dragged them into the car. The man immediately hopped in the driver’s seat, closed the door, and drove away.   The woman just stood there in the street, her eyes still fixed on the car that just disappeared. A minute later, she bowed her head and covered her face with her hands. Then she began to cry.   Her cries became louder, and soon all our neighbors were already watching her.    I later found out that the man was her former husband and her children’s father. She worked so hard to take care of her children, only for them to be taken away from her.   I never saw her smiling eyes again.   She soon moved out. I believe it was after that incident when I truly began to have respect for single mothers who work hard to take care of their kids. IV. I am used to witnessing marriage proposals on television.   I have seen programs wherein the men would go down on one knee and the woman would then gasp in shock, cover their mouths with their hands and become motionless for a few seconds. Afterwards, they would become hysterical in glee. In the past, I thought that such moments were too emotional.   My opinion changed when I witnessed a marriage proposal firsthand.   I was in a coffee shop with a friend when a couple entered. They looked like the average couple; nothing seemed extraordinary about the two of them. The woman took her seat, while the man went to the counter to order.   I did not pay them much attention afterwards. It was not until much later when I realized they were deaf-mute, when I noticed that they were using sign language. I did not expect a proposal to occur, not in a coffee shop.   So when I saw the man go down on one knee, I was taken aback.   My friend and I watched closely, along with the other customers, as the woman nodded and hugged his future husband.   As the people in the shop cheered, tears were streaming down her face. Unlike other women, she did not overreact.   She was just happy, and her tears showed it.   I guess true love does make people happy, and the happiness does not have to be showy to be expressed. V. One time, I had the chance to watch The Oprah Winfrey Show.   I can remember that the episode featured a middle-aged African-American woman who took care of many children.   I cannot recall if she was married, but I know she had three children.   When the woman’s siblings died, she took the responsibility of raising them as well.   She and the children had to cram themselves in a small three-bedroom house.   She worked several jobs to support these kids, most of which are not even her own.   The problem was that the home was not hers and if she did not pay a certain amount within the specified time, they would be evicted. The woman and the children were invited to the show where they were to receive gifts from Oprah. They were given things they needed; they received new beds, kitchen appliances, and even a van.   However, the biggest surprise of all was when Oprah announced that they would be shopping for a new home. The woman hugged Oprah tight, and wiped the tears running down her face.   I knew the woman was happy because of all the material things she received. Most importantly, I know those tears were of gratitude.   It was not the material things per se that she was grateful for; she was thankful for the help that those things could offer her and the children.   I knew she deserved those things for all her dedication and hard work. Still, she was very grateful.

Pizza Hut and Dominos in India

Pizza Hut and Dominos in India In case study the topic is pizza wars which happen in India in 1996 when Pizza Hut Dominos come in India. Until that there is no M.N.C. company in Pizza industry in India. So each company wants to make more profit and its right in India. For this each company launch new product and new skims for took over the second company. So pizza hut relied on its USP of dining experience , and Dominos USP was 30 minute delivery frame. For customer satisfaction both company change their recipes according to Indian culture. And Dominos also made a toll free telephone service. Both the company started in India with only one outlet but Dominos had 101 outlets in April 2001. And Pizza hut also start with only one outlet but it had 19 outlets in 2001. Dominos entered in India with an franchise agreement with Vam Bhatia and open its first outlet in Delhi. Pizza Hut also opens its first outlet in Delhi. At that time Indian wants very low price products but both of these company make costly products but very soon they relished it and make according to customers choice. By competition they gave many discounts and customers enjoy it. Then Dominos become more popular than Pizza Hut so Pizza Hut start following Dominos and make Spicy Paneer and Chicken Tikka. It opens a pure vegetarian restaurant at Ahmadabad. For attract people it make a 12 Pizza Rs 265 and Dominos decrease price and offered a large Pizza of Rs 129/-. After this sales of Dominos pizza was increase. HISTORY OF DOMINOS:- Dominos Pizza, Inc. (NYSE: DPZ) is an international pizza delivery corporation headquartered in Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States. estlistid in 1960, Dominos is the second-largest pizza chain in the United States. Now it has nearly 8500 corporate and franchised stores in 70 international markets and all 45 U.S. states. Dominos Pizza was sold to Bain Capital in 1998. Dominos menu features pizza, pasta, oven-baked sandwiches, wings, boneless chicken, salads, breadsticks, cheese sticks, and a variety of dessert items. In 1960, Tom and his brother, James, purchased a small pizza store in, Michigan. The deal was secured by a US$75 down payment. In 1965, the first Dominos Pizza franchise store opened in Ypsilanti. The company logo was originally planned to add a new dot with the addition of every new store. By 1978, the franchise opened its 200th store. In 1975, Dominos faced a lawsuit by Amstar Corporation, maker of Domino Sugar, alleging trademark infringement and unfair competition. On May 2, 1980, a federal appeals court found in favor of Dominos Pizza. In a 2009 survey of consumer taste preferences among national chains, Dominos was last tied with Chuck E. Cheeses. In December that year, Dominos announced plans to entirely reinvent its pizza. It began a self-flogging ad campaign in which consumers were filmed criticizing the pizzas quality and chefs were shown developing the new product. The new pizza was introduced that same month, and the following year, Dominos 50th anniversary, the company acquired J. Patrick Doyle as its new CEO experienced a historic 14.3% quarterly gain. The success was described by Doyle as one of the largest quarterly same-store sales jumps ever recorded by a major fast-food chain. PRODUCTS:- Dominos tapped into a market trend toward bite-size foods with spicy Buffalo Chicken Kickers, as an alternative to Buffalo wings. The breaded, baked, white-meat fillets, similar to chicken tenders, are packaged in a custom-designed box with two types of sauce to heat up and cool down the chicken. In August 2003, Dominos announced its first new pizza since January 2004, the Philly Cheese Steak Pizza. The product launch also marked the beginning of a partnership with the National Cattlemens Beef Association. Dominos continued its move toward specialty pizzas in 2006, with the introduction of its Brooklyn Style Pizza, featuring a thinner crust, cornmeal baked in to add crispness, and larger slices that could be folded in the style of traditional New York-style pizza. In 2008, Dominos once again branched out into non-pizza fare, offering oven-baked sandwiches in four styles. Early marketing for the sandwiches made varied references to its competition, such as offering free sandwiches to customers named Jared, a reference to Subways spokesman of the same name. The company introduced its American Legends line of specialty pizzas in 2009, featuring 40% more cheese than the companys regular pizzas, along with a greater variety of toppings. That same year, Dominos began selling its Bread Bowl Pasta entree, a lightly seasoned bread bowl baked with pasta inside, and Lava Crunch Cake dessert. Dominos promoted the item by flying in 1,000 cakes to deliver at Hofstadter Bluffs Visitor Center. HISTORY OF PIZZA HUT:- Pizza Hut entered India in 1996, and opened its first restaurant in Delhi. It has maintained an impressive growth rate of over40 per cent per annum. Pizza Hut now has about 100 restaurants; and employed nearly 4,000 people by end of 2004. It has invested about US$ 25 million in India; this is over and above investments made by franchisees. Its Brands Inc is the owner of the Pizza Hut chain worldwide. A Fortune 300 company, Yum! Brands own Kentucky Fried Chicken, Pizza Hut, Taco Bell, AW and Long John Silvers restaurants worldwide. Yum! Generated more than US$ 25.9 billion in worldwide sales in the year 2003-04, and has more than35,000 restaurants in over 100 countries. Market share in INDIA: Pizza Hut is believed to have close to 50 per cent market share of the organized pizza-retailing segment market share in India. Financial performance According to an survey of Financial Express, the market size of the pizza segment is around US$ 87 million and currently growing at the rate of 15 per cent to17 per cent per annum. According to Pizza Hut sources, most of their outlets are financially successful encouraging further expansion. In India, the average investment for each outlet is US$ 275,000-335,000 and is borne by the franchisee. Factors for Success Offering value food, Employing economies of scale, Pizza Hut has made its offerings more affordable. Its delivery offer of US$ 4.4 for four personal pan pizzas has been very successful. They have recently introduced a range of vegetarian personal pan pizzas for US$ 1.1. Most Pizza Hut restaurants are located in the metros and smaller metros. Pizza Hut is consolidating its position by opening more restaurants in the metros where it already has a presence as well as opening outlets in new markets. Moving beyond metros According to company sources, Pizza Hut is moving beyond the metros and foraying into 12 to 13 new markets including Trichy, Nagpur, Bhubaneswar, Thiruvananthapuram and Pondicherry to increase penetration. Aggressive marketing and tie-ups with local and popular brands. Pizza Hut has increased its visibility by launching a well-received TV campaign aimed at the young crowd. It has formed partnerships with recognized brands such as Nestle and Pepsi. Developing the local supply chain. The local supply chain for Pizza Hut was developed by Yum! And currently 95 per cent of the ingredients they use are locally produced. They now import very few specialty items like pepperoni. Leveraging the India Advantage International brand with an Indian heart Pizza Hut is one of the first international pizza chains with purely vegetarian dine-ins at Chow patty (Mumbai), Ahmadabad and Surat, which also serve Jain menus. Pizza Hut has even opened two all-vegetarian restaurants in the western state of Gujarat to cater to the Jain religious community. Because their members prefer not to eat at places where meat is served. Offering more than the international menu International food chains typically offer only a few localized products in other parts of the world. However, Pizza Huts local menu is as large as the international one. According to Pizza Hut, the Indian food heritage is very rich, and hence Indians like local flavors. The Tandoori range of pizzas. Indigenous sourcing of raw materials Pizza Hut has reduced costs through indigenous sourcing of raw material. It has tied up with a local company Dynamics Dairy Industries Ltd (DDIL) for sourcing mozzarella cheese. CASE ANALYSIS What Management Concept(s) or Issues are highlighted in this case? Ans. In this case Why did the company face these issues? Could the resolution of these issues be done in a different manner? What do you learn from this case? 4. Are you aware of any other company that may have faced similar issues? How did that company resolve those issues?

Starwood Hotels And Resorts Worldwide Inc Marketing Essay

Starwood Hotels And Resorts Worldwide Inc Marketing Essay Starwood Hotels and Resorts Worldwide Inc is one of the most well recognized corporations in the hospitality industry. Founded in 1991 as a real estate company first under the name of Starwood Capital Partners it developed to be a top hotel owning, operating and hospitality management company. What really distinguishes Starwood from other hospitality companies is its philosophy towards hotel customers, employees and guest services (Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide, Inc., 2010). Providing unparalleled guest experience, high quality services products, creating team spirit among employees and by using an innovate customer approach it managed to be one of the leading companies in the hospitality industry (ibid.). Performing in the hospitality market since 1993, it developed to a global enterprise with the acquirement of Westin Hotels only 4 years after it first operated. In 1998 Starwood purchased the ITT Group, owner of the Sheraton and Four Points by Sheraton brands (ibid.). Today the company owns 992 properties all over the world (appendix 1). The majority of these properties are located in North America, where Starwood has presence with 533 hotels and 298.500 rooms in total. The company has also presence in Europe, Africa, Middle East, Asia and Latin America (Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide, Inc., 2010). Most of the properties are franchised or operated in joint venture with individual hotel owners. Only 63 of the hotels are privately owned. At this moment 145.000 employees work worldwide for hotels managed and operated by Starwood. The Group is consisted by nine hotel brands and one residential and vacation Ownership Company (appendix 2), (ibid.). St. Regis: St. Regis hotels and Resorts are properties which provide high-end service to satisfy the most distinguished and demanding guests, both business and leisure travelers (Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide, Inc., 2010). The Luxury Collection: This brand operates unique and exceptional hotels and resorts, usually classic buildings or palaces. The aim of Luxury Collection is to provide extraordinary services and experiences concentrating in the destination (Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide, Inc., 2010). W: W Hotels and Resorts is a new brand of ultra modern, fashion and trendy hotels that is now developing throughout the world. W offers services and experiences never offered by any company in the past. Some examples are the WhateverWhenever service and the unique design and internal environment (Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide, Inc., 2010). Westin, Le Meridien and Sheraton brands are the three historical and largest brands of Starwood. All of them operate in the upper scale of hospitality industry. Le Meridien is the most classic of them and provides a distinctive French style in all of its properties. Sheraton is the largest brand of Starwood and operates business city hotels and leisure resorts, whereas Westin hotels are distinctive for their gracious style and are ideal for those, who seek a superior guest experience (Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide, Inc., 2010). Four Points is a brand operating medium scale comfort hotels (Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide, Inc., 2010). Aloft, opened in 2008, is a collection of hip hotels with modern rooms. Aloft is similar in concept with the W brand but with cheaper rates (Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide, Inc., 2010). Element Hotels and Resorts, also opened in 2008, is a brand inspired by Westin and consists of environmental and nature friendly hotels (Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide, Inc., 2010). One of Starwoods key to success is based on its approach towards enterprises development, which generates from the idea of continuously growth, targeting top markets. Therefore there is no surprise that among the corporations future goals is the expansion in China market; a strong financial country with a huge market and many business potentials (Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide, Inc., 2010). 2.Financial Assessment Evaluating the financial assessment of a company is possible either by comparing one company to another one of the same industry or by comparing data of different financial years. In Starwoods case, in order to perform companys assessment the second method will be used; comparison of different years. Hence, from year 2008 to 2009 there was a significant decrease in return of equity, falling from 20.3% to 3.8% indicating that Starwood was not able to generate return for shareholders (figure 1). Caused partly by the fall of return of assets from 5.20% in 2007 to 1.80% in 2008 reaching -1.30% in 2009, showing that Starwood didnt use efficiently its assets to generate profit. Referring to return of capital one of its downside is that it doesnt represent something specific about where the return is being generating. Therefore its not a precise choice of financial evaluation (About.com, 2010). Figure 1: Ratio Analysis for 2007-2009 3 Year Annual Ratios (Year End) Fiscal Period 2007 2008 2009 Return on Equity (%) 26,10 20,30 3,80 Return on Assets (%) 5,20 1,80 -1.3 Profit Margin (%) 9.00 6.00 2.00 Gross Margin (%) 28,10 26,40 21,80 Net Margin (%) 8,80 5,60 1,50 Asset Turnover (%) 0.64 0.61 0.54 Fixed Asset Turnover (%) 1.6 1.64 1.41 Inventory Turnover (%) 7.81 6.09 3.74 Debt to Equity (%) 173 216 160 Current Ratio (%) 0.87 0.81 0.74 Acid Test (%) 0.53 0.44 0.35 Coverage Ratio (%) 8.28 4.55 1.48 Note: Euromonitor International, (2010) Our own Calculations Furthermore, a major drop from 8.80% to 1.50% in net margin occurred during the years 2007 and 2009 revealing that not all of its income is converted into profits. Regarding profit margin in 2007 for each dollar of sales Starwood generated $0.09 of profits, when in 2009 for each dollar of sales Starwood generated $0.02. Also, gross margin indicates that the company will retain $0.28 in 2007 for its dollar of revenue, to be able to pay additional costs and expenses, whereas in 2009 retained $0.21 for the same purpose. Concerning net margin there was a gradual fall from 8.80% in 2007, to 5.60% in 2008 and finally to 1.50% in 2009 meaning that finally for every dollar earned by Starwood, the profit is $0.015 (Investopedia ULC, 2010). Additionally, asset turnover remained almost the same. In 2007 asset turnover was 0.64, in 2008 0.61 and in 2008 it dropped to 0.54 showing that a smaller percentage of sales was able to be generated from the companys assets. Therefore fixed assets turnover had also a small decline from 1.6 in 2007 to 1.41 in 2009. Moreover there was also a substantial decline in inventory turnover from 7.81 in 2007 it fell to 6.09 in 2008, whereas we only had 3.74 in 2009 suggesting that the companys inventories are not marketable as they used to (Investopedia ULC, 2010). As far as debt to equity is concerned there was a significant rise in 2008 from 173% in 2007 to 216, but after a year it fell again to 160%. Also, current ratio had a slight decline from 0.87 in 2007 to 0.74 in 2009. Regarding acid test in 2007 it was 0.53 decreased to 0.44 in 2008 and in 2009 reached 0.35, indicating to investors and to Starwood how quickly the assets can be converted to cash in order to pay their current liabilit ies. Finally, coverage ratio from 8.28% in 2007, dropped to 4.55% in 2008, reaching 1.48% in 2009 (appendix 4.2). Hence, the company will be in danger in the future if the coverage ratio remains around 1.0% or falls below 1.0%, because at this case that will mean that it is not able to meet its obligations (Palepu, Healy, Bernard, Peek, 2007). 3.Financial Performance, Forecast Evaluation In order to perform a financial evaluation of Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide Inc. it is necessary to collect information regarding the balance sheet (appendix 7), income statement (appendix 8) and cash flow statement (appendix 9) of the company. Using these financial statements we were able to calculate the financial ratios, that were presented previously and to produce the forecast models (appendix 10 11 12 ). Also, as presented in Figure 2, Starwoods greatest Dividends per Share rate were in 2006. From that year the dividends per share followed a downward flow to 0.90 in 2007 and 2008 to reach the amount of 0.20 in 2010, the lowest for the past 10 years. This could have happened due to new equity issue. Figure 2: Per Share Data for years 2000-2009 Annual Per Share Data (Year End) Fiscal Period 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Revenue per Share ($) 22,43 20,06 23,36 22,89 25,72 27,26 28,20 30,90 32,27 25,20 Free Cash flow per Share 1,60 1,44 2,04 2,29 1,17 1,37 0,61 2,57 0,93 2,01 Earnings Per Share ($) 2,08 0,73 1,78 1,53 1,89 1,92 4,92 2,72 1,80 0,38 Dividends Per Share 0,69 0,80 0,84 0,84 0,84 0,84 13,90 0,90 0,90 0,20 Book Value Per Share 20,48 19,21 20,29 21,54 22,94 23,77 14,19 10,42 8,86 9,87 Note: (Euromonitor International, 2010) Moreover, Starwoods greatest Dividends per Share rate was 13.90 in 2006. From that year the dividends per share followed a downward flow to 0.90 in 2007 and 2008 to reach the amount of 0.20 in 2010, the lowest for the past 10 years. This could have happened due to new equity issue or the decrease of net income from the year 2006 to 2009. Earnings per Share(figure 3) is also a rate that is affected from the relegation of net income from $1 billion in 2006 to $71 millions in 2009. Operational Income is also a factor that indicated that Starwoods financial condition is not in a good position. Figure 3 Note: Our own Diagram Figure 4 Note: Our own Calculation Regarding the forecast models, firstly the moving average model is calculated as well as the weighted moving average model. However these forecasting models are providing predictions only for one future period, in this case for the year 2010. The same situation applies for the exponential smoothing model. After making two assumptions for the value alpha (0.6 and 0.05) it is proved that this model is also not appropriate, because it provides forecasts for one future period. The most accurate forecasting method for Starwood is the linear regression model. After calculating a and b, which are necessary for the formula y=a+ bx (appendix 10.2, 11.2 12.2) the yearly (seasonal) ratio is estimated (Higgins, 2009). After these calculations the estimation of the sales (appendix 10.3), profits (appendix 11.3) and cost forecast (appendix 12.3) was completed. 4. SWOT Analysis Strengths à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Massive investment on Sheraton brand hotels. Starwood spent billions of dollars on renovations and new hotel openings in order to strengthen Sheraton globally and renew its corporate image (appendix 13), (Euromonitor International, 2010). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Hotel ownership: Starwood is selling its properties in return to long year management contracts of the same properties. This tactic is generally called Sale and lease back and is used in order that the company decreases its expenditures for maintaining the buildings. Starwood sold many of the leased, owned or operated by joint venture properties (Euromonitor International, 2010). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Starwood Preferred Guest loyalty program. The loyalty program of Starwood is well known in the tourism and hospitality industry and attracts new customers due to the benefits, innovative services and promotions in partnership with other companies offered to them (Euromonitor International, 2010). Also, to offer more benefits to their customers Starwood has cooperated with American Express to create a Starwood credit card (appendix 14). Weaknesses à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Luxury Brand Hotels. Starwoods collection contains only luxury, up-scale and mid-scale brands. There are no economy hotels for business or leisure travelers that dont afford luxury brands. Starwoods competitors are present in budget hotels with brands for example Ibis, owned by Accor and Holiday Inn Express owned by IHG (Euromonitor International, 2010). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ U.S. market oriented. Starwood has a large presence in the United States and that makes the company extremely dependant on the economy situation of the country. The U.S. economy upturns and downturns have direct effects on Starwood (Euromonitor International, 2010). Opportunities à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Aloft brand. This new Starwood brand gives the opportunity to travelers that cant afford the other luxury brands to have access to modern hotels with high-tech design and facilities (Euromonitor International, 2010). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Growth in Asia. Asia and especially China are the emerging markets for Starwood in the fore coming years. China is the second largest market right now and Starwood plans to double its presence there by 2012 (Euromonitor International, 2010). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Attraction of wider range of travelers via the social media networking sites. By developing mini-sites in every social media site, Starwood could attract new target groups of customers that never before have used its services or sometimes havent even heard about Starwood brand name (Euromonitor International, 2010) . Threats à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Consumer behavior. Starwood, having only a collection of luxury and upscale hotels is reliant to any changes in travelers behavior. Spending for luxury goods and services is usually the first thing that gets deleted or decreased from every business or family budget (Euromonitor International, 2010). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Travel industry downturns. Travel and tourism industry have experienced in the past a lot of uncertain and unexpected recessions due to facts like terrorism, enlarging fuel prices, political instability economic conditions or extreme weather conditions that caused major catastrophes. These effects could still happen anytime in the future. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ The above point about industry downturns leads most of the times to less credit availability to the companies. This means that there will be fewer investments in tourism either in forms of renovations or new build hotel openings (Euromonitor International, 2010). 5. Competitive Challenges In general 2008 for the hospitality industry was a good year. More specifically a 5% growth occurred at that time, followed however by a significant fall of 11% during the year 2009 due to the economic crisis. Starwood enterprise was affected by this crisis by a 12% fall in that year. Therefore, one solution to avoid the catastrophe was to lower room rates and cut costs. But what Starwood did was to try and gain customer loyalty. One way to do that was by making him feel like home. Another way to offer 1000 reward points for every night the customer stayed at their hotel (Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide, Inc., 2010). Starwoods policy was by no means lower the price of the room rates significantly as some of their competitive did. Since it would be very difficult for them to recover after the crisis and the customers would become adapted to the discount room rates. Thus, it would be very difficult for Starwood to raise the room rate prices again. Eventually they would manage to do so, but it would take too much time (ibid.). For 2010 Starwood plans to launch its campaign of rediscover Sheraton, which cost US$ 6 billion in order to renovate and built new rooms, lobbies etc of Sheratons properties. A step, that will give Sheraton and Starwood a leading advantage (Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide, Inc., 2010). 6. Future Prospects The unpredictable and unstable economic situation in U.S and Europe resulted to the decrease of Starwoods revenue by 18% comparing the years 2008 and 2009. The weakening economic environment and the general reduction of business traveling led Starwood to offer an innovative promotion through the loyalty program called Preferred Guest. Starwood offered a 50% discount for guests staying from November until January 2010 (Euromonitor International, 2010). The future prospects for Starwood in order to adapt to the always evolving hospitality environment is first to franchise some brands to other hotel operators and owners (Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide, Inc., 2010). This means that Starwood could give permission to a 3rd organization to operate and be the master franchisor of its brands in a country or market that Starwood doesnt have prior experience. Second prospect intention is to increase sales booked directly from the companys website. That will lead to higher customer satisfaction and revenue increase. Another intention is to increase the number of guests joining the loyalty program and thereby increase the occupancy rates (ibid.). One final overall intention is to make the most out of what technology has to offer to hospitality and therefore boost the operating efficiency. Even though the information needed for Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide Inc evaluation was sufficient, there were some important statistics missing regarding Starwoods individual hotel brands and internal data for every country that Starwood is operating. Having these records we could have made a more informed report containing future prospects for each particular brand. Furthermore, if we had more information and data regarding taxes, distressed costs, market signaling, companys flexibility and management incentives we could make more efficient financial decisions (Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide, Inc., 2010),. 7. Recommendations Geographic expansion Starwood has already a large presence in North America and Europe covering a wide range of properties, from historical palaces to ultra modern and hi-tech hotels. Starwood is now starting to expand in China, India and other Asian countries. Additionally the company should expand its business to Africa and Middle East but certainly should focus on China as it is the rising economy of our days (Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide, Inc., 2010). The Chinese, in a few years, are expected to be the largest number of travelers worldwide both for regional and international tourism. It is rational for any company to have strong presence in this country in order to create loyal guests of the future (appendix 15). Affordable Luxury Starwood created new concepts in hospitality a few years ago when introducing the brands aloft and Element. In that way these two new ideas were offered to new target groups of travelers that in the past would have never chosen to stay in a Starwood managed hotel. Element is the eco-friendly brand of the group while aloft is the first hotel company of the group doesnt concentrate on business travelers but focuses on young travelers that dont want to spend large amounts of money but still enjoy staying in a modern, comfortable and hi-tech environment (Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide, Inc., 2010). Cost controlling Due to the global unstable economic situation companies and organizations like Starwood should deliberate to reducing their operational costs. This means that hotels should maximize the use of their existing resources and increase their efficiency. To give an example of that (Euromonitor International, 2010). New target groups In the near future Starwood should invest in new hospitality industry segments and new target group of both business and leisure travelers. Generation Y in a few years will have the ability to afford staying in a Starwood hotel. This is the reason why Starwood through the two new brands, element and aloft, should focus on developing them to attract the new generation (Euromonitor International, 2010). Customer experience The key point of success for the existing well-known brands of Starwood is to increase customer satisfaction and make each moment he spends using the services unique. This objective can be achieved from considering customers feedback and trying to adapt to their needs (Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide, Inc., 2010). Budget hotel brands A new trend that has been developed the last few years is for hotel chains to adapt low budget hotels. This doesnt mean under any circumstances that the quality standards will be lowered. Only that these specifically brand will provide more affordable services to future hotel guests. Other hospitality chains have recognized the market need for more inexpensive hotels and have already launched their budget hotels (Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide, Inc., 2010). 8. References About.com. (2010). Interest Coverage Ratio. Retrieved September 13, 2010, from beginnersinvest.about.com: http://beginnersinvest.about.com/od/incomestatementanalysis/a/interest-coverage-ratio.htm Ashpfoundation. (2009). SWOT Analysis. Retrieved September 21, 2010, from www.ashpfoundation.org: http://www.google.ch/imgres?imgurl=http://www.ashpfoundation.org/leadershiptoolkit/swot-analysis-sm.jpgimgrefurl=http://proiecte4.parvezbd.com/swot-de-starbucks.htmlusg=__6eEJug33fGnGxWj8RZmFQl5hfjg=h=371w=368sz=79hl=destart=0zoom=1tbnid=ui8SJD5s Credit Card Offers IQ. (2008). New Changes To The Starwood Amex Card. Retrieved September 21, 2010, from creditcardoffersiq.com: http://creditcardoffersiq.com/credit-card-news/new-changes-to-the-starwood-amex-card/ Euromonitor International. (2010). 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